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Maintaining thermal comfort
Panel location can significantly affect the magnitude and distribution of room surface temperatures (MRT) and thereby affect required heater capacity necessary to achieve a given comfort level. When units are properly-sized and located, a higher MRT for the occupants is produced which then permits a lower air temperature for equal comfort conditions.
However, if the radiant heat is too concentrated such that the asymmetric temperature (difference between the plane radiant temperatures of the opposite sides of a small plane element is too much felt by the occupant then (local) discomfort occurs. Normally, discomfort should not be experienced by occupants in spaces heated by radiant systems if thermal comfort equations are satisfied and the asymmetric temperature is limited to 9°C .
Energy efficiency
Radiative transfer between the occupant and surrounding surfaces benefits from the difference in the fourth power of the temperatures as compared to the heat exchange by convection between the occupant and the adjacent air, which varies linearly with temperature difference. A study made by Kilkis (1992) showed that radiant heating can also increase the efficiency of a heat pump system. Zmeureanu et al. (1988) found out that the heat load and peak load of a radiant heating system was lower (77% and 80%, respectively) than conventional systems at the same level of thermal comfort. Since part of the sensible thermal load is handled by radiant ceiling panels, volume of supplied air can be reduced which in turn can reduce air transport energy (by 20%). This saving reflects a total energy consumption of 10% less than a conventional convective system. Further savings can be benefited with the use of radiant heaters by means of installing fast-acting surface
mounted-radiant panels. Watson et al. (1998) used a multi-sized ceiling-mounted radiant heater with higher watt density of 50 W/ft2 sized to the nearest 100 W of heated area and found significantly lower retrofit installed and maintenance costs compared to other types of heaters.
However, since radiant heating systems heat surfaces instead of the air in the room, higher surface temperatures (wall, floor, glass) occur and produce greater heat losses through the surfaces to the outside (transmission losses). This can be compensated by ensuring that the heated space is well-insulated.
Reduced air temperature gradient
Since radiant heating systems heat surfaces, there is very little air motion resulting in a more uniform room air temperature distribution. This can lead to a more uniform distribution of thermal comfort (in terms of PMV values) within the occupied zone and reduction of energy requirements.
Healthier air
Utilisation of thermal radiation to condition air reduces the dependency on air as the thermal transport mechanism while passing indoor air quality requirements. Thus, allergens (e.g. mold spores, dust, insects, pollens) and disease-causing microorganisms usually carried by the heated air medium can be reduced if not totally avoided. This advantage gives radiant heating systems an edge to wider range of applications, from residential and commercial buildings to buildings requiring higher indoor hygiene (e.g. hospitals, clinics, nursing homes, etc.).
Convenient operation
Complications attributed to circulating high volumes of air (e.g. more wiring, pipes, ducts and other installations) are avoided with radiant heating systems.
Efficiency of space use
The space consumed by a radiant heating system, be it hydronic or electrical, is
less than that of a variable-air-volume (VAV) system.
Zoning
Radiant heating panels can be installed in such a way as to provide zoning or conveniently placed in a location that needs radiant compensation (Simmonds, 1996).
REFERENCES
Dudkiewicz, E. and Jezowiecki, J. 2009. Measured radiant thermal fields in industrial spaces served by high intensity IR. Energy and Buildings 41 (2009): 27-35.
Kilkis, B.I. 1992. Enhancement of heat pump performance using radiant floor heating systems. AES 28: 119-127.
Simmonds, P. 1996. Practical applications of radiant heating & cooling to maintain comfort conditions. T ASHRAE 102 (1): 659-666 .
Watson, R.D., Chapman, K.S., and DeGreef, J.M. 1998. Case study: seven-system analysis of thermal comfort and energy use for a fast-acting radiant heating system. T ASHRAE 104 (1): 1106-1111 .
Zmeureanu, R., Fazio, P.P., and Haghighat, F. 1988. Thermal Performance of Radiant Heating Panels. T ASHRAE 94(2): 13-27.
Posts tonen met het label infra red heating. Alle posts tonen
Posts tonen met het label infra red heating. Alle posts tonen
zaterdag 22 oktober 2011
donderdag 15 september 2011
Sisteme de incalzire prin panouri radiante - avantajele panourilor radiante
website caldura ieftin
Panourile radiante creaza o egalizare a distributiei temperaturii pe inaltime, intre tavan si podea. Astfel, se evita formarea pernelor de aer supraincalzit care se localizeaza in zona tavanului atunci cand sunt utilizate alte sisteme de incalzire. Incalzirea camerelor cu tavane inalte cu ajutorul panourilor radiante da posibilitatea scaderii semnificative a consumului de energie.
Transmiterea caldurii se face fara pierdere de energie. Undele termice realizate electromagnetic transmit energia termica direct (imediat) si fara pierderi de transport catre toate corpurile solide din zona de radiatie. Temperatura optima a spatiului se obtine prin temperatura de suprafata a materialelor inconjuratoare si a obiectelor din incapere.
Incalzirea obisnuita cu apa calda, cu gaz sau cu curent electric, degaja caldura in principal prin convectie-suprafete. Suprafetele fierbinti degaja energie termica prin conducte termice in aerul din incapere – si doar intr-o mica masura prin radiatie termica. Cota parte de radiatie termica este totusi decisiva pentru clima care se simte in incapere. Astfel, din punct de vedere fizic, confortul sobelor de teracota este determinat de o cota mare de radiatie termica – unda de caldura comparabila cu cea apanourilor radiante. Sistemele de incalzire infratherm ce folosesc panouri radiante reprezinta o adevarata revolutie in acest domeniu, acest lucru datorandu-se multiplelor avantaje pe care le prezinta incalzirea cu aceste panouri radiante comparativ cu celelalte sisteme existente la ora actuala.
Principiul panourilor radiante
Principiul dupa care functioneaza aceste panouri radiante este identic cu cel dupa care soarele incalzeste Pamantul prin intermediul radiatiei infrarosii. Prin urmare, cedarea de caldura a elementelor de incalzit se realizeaza prin unda in infrarosu si convectie. Acesta produce radiatie termica cu un randament ridicat, fara electrosmog. Panourile radiante cu radiatie infrarosie la distanta este un sistem inovator de inalta calitate recunoscut pe plan mondial ca fiind liderul in materie de eficienta a incalzirii. Cele mai importante avantaje ale sistemelor de incalzire cu panouri radiante sunt: economia energetica si costurile de intretinere aproape inexistente. Exista posibilitati de incalzire partiala, de alegere a temperaturilor potrivit zonei, de programare a orelor de functionare.
Transmiterea caldurii fara pierdere de energie la panouri radiante
Undele termice trannsmit energia termica direct (imediat) si fara pierderi la transport catre toate corpurile solide din zona. Temperatura optima a spatiului se obtine prin temperatura de suprafata a materialelor inconjuratoare si a obiectelor de instalatii din incapere . “Vinovatul pentru pierderi”, in cazul sistemelor termice obisnuite - conductele, tevile de apa, camera cazanelor, camine, convectoare, puturi de aerisire - dispar in adevaratul sens al cuvantului si astfel, se poate economisi de trei ori, si anume la:
* Costurile pentru energie
* Costurile de instalatii
* Costurile pentru reparatii si pentru revizii
Datorita faptului ca aceste panouri radiante sunt prevazute cu termostat, temperatura se mentine constanta in incapere, la valoarea setata, raspandindu-se uniform, in toate colturile incaperii.
Clima individuala si amenajare decorativa a spatiului cu panouri radiante
Instalatia panourilor radiante este foarte simpla si poate fi aleasa optim pentru orice spatiu individual. Se preteaza in aceeasi masura pentru spatii private, cladiri publice – de la aeroporturi, spitale, banci, hoteluri, cabinete medicale si pana la muzee, pentru birouri sau spatii de productie – de la sere si pana la spatii sterile fara praf. Amplasarea panourilor radiante se poate face pur si simplu dupa principii practice, rationale sau se pot interpune si accente individuale, creative de decoruri.
Avantajele panourilor radiante:
1. Reducerea costurilor cu incalzirea cu pana la 30-50%
2. Instalare rapida, simpla (pe perete sau pe tavan), cu costuri reduse
3. Nu necesita aprobari, intocmire proiect, racordare la reteaua de gaze
4. Nu exista pierderi de caldura ca la sistemele clasice (conducte, centrale)
5. Incalzire rapida, fara consum de oxigen
6. Mentine o umiditate a aerului constanta si optima
7. Elimina mirosurile neplacute (fumul de tigara)
8. Purifica aerul (ionizeaza)
9. Ocupa mai putin spatiu fata de alte sisteme;
10. Nu necesita o incapere speciala, aerisita, sau incaperi de depozitare combustibil
11. Peretii se mentin uscati, nu apare igrasie, mucegai
12. Sunt sigure in exploatare
13. Nu necesita intretinere (revizii periodice, piese de schimb, etc.)
14. Randament crescut comparativ cu alte sisteme de incalzire
15. Nepoluante, nu exista deseuri toxice, noxe, CO2.
Plasmele termice sunt ideale pentru incalzirea eficienta a oricarui tip de spatiu:
* Apartamente in blocuri, case sau vile
* Case, vile sau case de vacanta
* Pensiuni, hoteluri, moteluri
* Cladiri de birouri
* Policlinici, spitale, scoli, gradinite
* Spatii comerciale
* Restaurante
website caldura ieftin
Panourile radiante creaza o egalizare a distributiei temperaturii pe inaltime, intre tavan si podea. Astfel, se evita formarea pernelor de aer supraincalzit care se localizeaza in zona tavanului atunci cand sunt utilizate alte sisteme de incalzire. Incalzirea camerelor cu tavane inalte cu ajutorul panourilor radiante da posibilitatea scaderii semnificative a consumului de energie.
Transmiterea caldurii se face fara pierdere de energie. Undele termice realizate electromagnetic transmit energia termica direct (imediat) si fara pierderi de transport catre toate corpurile solide din zona de radiatie. Temperatura optima a spatiului se obtine prin temperatura de suprafata a materialelor inconjuratoare si a obiectelor din incapere.
Incalzirea obisnuita cu apa calda, cu gaz sau cu curent electric, degaja caldura in principal prin convectie-suprafete. Suprafetele fierbinti degaja energie termica prin conducte termice in aerul din incapere – si doar intr-o mica masura prin radiatie termica. Cota parte de radiatie termica este totusi decisiva pentru clima care se simte in incapere. Astfel, din punct de vedere fizic, confortul sobelor de teracota este determinat de o cota mare de radiatie termica – unda de caldura comparabila cu cea apanourilor radiante. Sistemele de incalzire infratherm ce folosesc panouri radiante reprezinta o adevarata revolutie in acest domeniu, acest lucru datorandu-se multiplelor avantaje pe care le prezinta incalzirea cu aceste panouri radiante comparativ cu celelalte sisteme existente la ora actuala.
Principiul panourilor radiante
Principiul dupa care functioneaza aceste panouri radiante este identic cu cel dupa care soarele incalzeste Pamantul prin intermediul radiatiei infrarosii. Prin urmare, cedarea de caldura a elementelor de incalzit se realizeaza prin unda in infrarosu si convectie. Acesta produce radiatie termica cu un randament ridicat, fara electrosmog. Panourile radiante cu radiatie infrarosie la distanta este un sistem inovator de inalta calitate recunoscut pe plan mondial ca fiind liderul in materie de eficienta a incalzirii. Cele mai importante avantaje ale sistemelor de incalzire cu panouri radiante sunt: economia energetica si costurile de intretinere aproape inexistente. Exista posibilitati de incalzire partiala, de alegere a temperaturilor potrivit zonei, de programare a orelor de functionare.
Transmiterea caldurii fara pierdere de energie la panouri radiante
Undele termice trannsmit energia termica direct (imediat) si fara pierderi la transport catre toate corpurile solide din zona. Temperatura optima a spatiului se obtine prin temperatura de suprafata a materialelor inconjuratoare si a obiectelor de instalatii din incapere . “Vinovatul pentru pierderi”, in cazul sistemelor termice obisnuite - conductele, tevile de apa, camera cazanelor, camine, convectoare, puturi de aerisire - dispar in adevaratul sens al cuvantului si astfel, se poate economisi de trei ori, si anume la:
* Costurile pentru energie
* Costurile de instalatii
* Costurile pentru reparatii si pentru revizii
Datorita faptului ca aceste panouri radiante sunt prevazute cu termostat, temperatura se mentine constanta in incapere, la valoarea setata, raspandindu-se uniform, in toate colturile incaperii.
Clima individuala si amenajare decorativa a spatiului cu panouri radiante
Instalatia panourilor radiante este foarte simpla si poate fi aleasa optim pentru orice spatiu individual. Se preteaza in aceeasi masura pentru spatii private, cladiri publice – de la aeroporturi, spitale, banci, hoteluri, cabinete medicale si pana la muzee, pentru birouri sau spatii de productie – de la sere si pana la spatii sterile fara praf. Amplasarea panourilor radiante se poate face pur si simplu dupa principii practice, rationale sau se pot interpune si accente individuale, creative de decoruri.
Avantajele panourilor radiante:
1. Reducerea costurilor cu incalzirea cu pana la 30-50%
2. Instalare rapida, simpla (pe perete sau pe tavan), cu costuri reduse
3. Nu necesita aprobari, intocmire proiect, racordare la reteaua de gaze
4. Nu exista pierderi de caldura ca la sistemele clasice (conducte, centrale)
5. Incalzire rapida, fara consum de oxigen
6. Mentine o umiditate a aerului constanta si optima
7. Elimina mirosurile neplacute (fumul de tigara)
8. Purifica aerul (ionizeaza)
9. Ocupa mai putin spatiu fata de alte sisteme;
10. Nu necesita o incapere speciala, aerisita, sau incaperi de depozitare combustibil
11. Peretii se mentin uscati, nu apare igrasie, mucegai
12. Sunt sigure in exploatare
13. Nu necesita intretinere (revizii periodice, piese de schimb, etc.)
14. Randament crescut comparativ cu alte sisteme de incalzire
15. Nepoluante, nu exista deseuri toxice, noxe, CO2.
Plasmele termice sunt ideale pentru incalzirea eficienta a oricarui tip de spatiu:
* Apartamente in blocuri, case sau vile
* Case, vile sau case de vacanta
* Pensiuni, hoteluri, moteluri
* Cladiri de birouri
* Policlinici, spitale, scoli, gradinite
* Spatii comerciale
* Restaurante
website caldura ieftin
Infra red heating: the savings of the future
CIBR – the Belgian Romanian Real Estate Chamber has the exclusive importer contract with the Belgian leading supplier of IR- heated panels.
website caldura ieftin
A word about the technology provider
Energy Products Group SA (EPG) develops, manufactures, and distributes infrared heating appliances and solutions for use in domestic, commercial, and industrial environments. EPG believes infrared heating technologies have an enormous potential as an energy-saving, cost-efficient, and comfort-enhancing alternative to traditional heating systems.
EPG has built up a unique level of expertise in infrared heating since 1999. The company has also teamed up with several strategically important industrial and academic partners to develop its product lines.
EPG has its main headquarters in Belgium, with a worldwide distribution network covering Europe, North America, Russia, and South America. Cibr is the contact for Romania.
All that you need to know about infrared heating technology
For a lot of people this technology is unknown……Let’s try to inform the general public on this new technology.
At the heart of heating system is a far-infrared ray panel, which consists of heat-resistant glass fiber plates to which an incombustible carbon plate is attached. Its front surface makes it easy to spread radiant heat, while its back-side is heat-resistant, ensuring no damage to walls/ceilings to which it is attached.
Once electricity flows through the heating Panel, its temperature raises to between 85 and 105 degrees Celcius within four minutes, and 96.1% of the total energy is evenly radiated as far-infrared rays, providing gentle, effective warmth to the entire room.
In a room with a traditional air circulation or conduction heating system, the overall room temperature must be increased until the room's occupants feel warm.
The time taken to achieve this level of warmth increases costs and also carbon emissions.
However Radiant-Heating System radiates far-infrared rays from its Heating Panels directly the people and objects in the room, providing significant and effective heat to the room without drying the air, in a fraction of the time of conventional methods.
A safe and eco-friendly heating system is provided by cibr in Romania
* The panels produce no waste or residue, are CE certified and pose no fire hazard. Quiet and safe with no vibration, the panels remove unpleasant odors and destroy viruses, germs, mites & bacteria, improving the overall health of the surrounding environment
* The panels do not emit any harmful electronic waves
* The overall savings on maintenance are more then 70%
* The panels use the “plug and heat” technology
* Infrared is a specific kind of light, invisible to the human eye, but to which we are nevertheless highly sensitive. It is very efficiently absorbed by the body giving a deep warm feeling. On a bright sunny day, we can feel perfectly comfortable in just a T-shirt, even though the air temperature may be close to freezing. Think of the typical après-ski scene, or of a walk in the high mountains.
* Beneficial to your health. Infrared radiation stimulates the blood circulation and reduces humidity in buildings. Less air circulation means it is also anti-allergenic.
* Emission-free heating. Natural heating panels are emission-free, meaning they are safe to use. Completely eliminates the risk of toxic emissions. There is no risk of carbon monoxide emissions and the panels do not disturb the air or promote dust. There is no risk of carbon monoxide poisoning.
* A more efficient way of heating Energy savings up to 50%. Infrared heating reduces energy consumption between 25 to 50% compared to conventional heating systems. Good for your budget. Comfortable surroundings are achieved at much lower room temperatures, as the heat is absorbed directly.
* Good for the environment. Saving energy means less greenhouse gas emissions. And when green electricity is used, the heating panels are CO2 neutral.
* Easy to install. All you need to do is fix the panels to the wall or to the ceiling, and provide an electrical connection. No pipes, no drilling, no chimneys.
* Maintenance-free. The heating panels require no maintenance, because there are no moving parts, no burners, no filters, no fuel lines, …
* Flexible re-use. The panels are easily moved, so you can take the panels with you when you change locations. This also makes it easier to re-arrange or re-decorate rooms.
* Optimal space efficiency. the heating panels can be mounted on walls or ceilings and their sleek design creates extra space to live and work in.
Source: Camera Imobiliara Belgia Romania, July 2011
website caldura ieftin
website caldura ieftin
A word about the technology provider
Energy Products Group SA (EPG) develops, manufactures, and distributes infrared heating appliances and solutions for use in domestic, commercial, and industrial environments. EPG believes infrared heating technologies have an enormous potential as an energy-saving, cost-efficient, and comfort-enhancing alternative to traditional heating systems.
EPG has built up a unique level of expertise in infrared heating since 1999. The company has also teamed up with several strategically important industrial and academic partners to develop its product lines.
EPG has its main headquarters in Belgium, with a worldwide distribution network covering Europe, North America, Russia, and South America. Cibr is the contact for Romania.
All that you need to know about infrared heating technology
For a lot of people this technology is unknown……Let’s try to inform the general public on this new technology.
At the heart of heating system is a far-infrared ray panel, which consists of heat-resistant glass fiber plates to which an incombustible carbon plate is attached. Its front surface makes it easy to spread radiant heat, while its back-side is heat-resistant, ensuring no damage to walls/ceilings to which it is attached.
Once electricity flows through the heating Panel, its temperature raises to between 85 and 105 degrees Celcius within four minutes, and 96.1% of the total energy is evenly radiated as far-infrared rays, providing gentle, effective warmth to the entire room.
In a room with a traditional air circulation or conduction heating system, the overall room temperature must be increased until the room's occupants feel warm.
The time taken to achieve this level of warmth increases costs and also carbon emissions.
However Radiant-Heating System radiates far-infrared rays from its Heating Panels directly the people and objects in the room, providing significant and effective heat to the room without drying the air, in a fraction of the time of conventional methods.
A safe and eco-friendly heating system is provided by cibr in Romania
* The panels produce no waste or residue, are CE certified and pose no fire hazard. Quiet and safe with no vibration, the panels remove unpleasant odors and destroy viruses, germs, mites & bacteria, improving the overall health of the surrounding environment
* The panels do not emit any harmful electronic waves
* The overall savings on maintenance are more then 70%
* The panels use the “plug and heat” technology
* Infrared is a specific kind of light, invisible to the human eye, but to which we are nevertheless highly sensitive. It is very efficiently absorbed by the body giving a deep warm feeling. On a bright sunny day, we can feel perfectly comfortable in just a T-shirt, even though the air temperature may be close to freezing. Think of the typical après-ski scene, or of a walk in the high mountains.
* Beneficial to your health. Infrared radiation stimulates the blood circulation and reduces humidity in buildings. Less air circulation means it is also anti-allergenic.
* Emission-free heating. Natural heating panels are emission-free, meaning they are safe to use. Completely eliminates the risk of toxic emissions. There is no risk of carbon monoxide emissions and the panels do not disturb the air or promote dust. There is no risk of carbon monoxide poisoning.
* A more efficient way of heating Energy savings up to 50%. Infrared heating reduces energy consumption between 25 to 50% compared to conventional heating systems. Good for your budget. Comfortable surroundings are achieved at much lower room temperatures, as the heat is absorbed directly.
* Good for the environment. Saving energy means less greenhouse gas emissions. And when green electricity is used, the heating panels are CO2 neutral.
* Easy to install. All you need to do is fix the panels to the wall or to the ceiling, and provide an electrical connection. No pipes, no drilling, no chimneys.
* Maintenance-free. The heating panels require no maintenance, because there are no moving parts, no burners, no filters, no fuel lines, …
* Flexible re-use. The panels are easily moved, so you can take the panels with you when you change locations. This also makes it easier to re-arrange or re-decorate rooms.
* Optimal space efficiency. the heating panels can be mounted on walls or ceilings and their sleek design creates extra space to live and work in.
Source: Camera Imobiliara Belgia Romania, July 2011
website caldura ieftin
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